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The term that describes a short, time-boxed period in which a team works to complete a set amount of work is commonly referred to as a "Sprint". In Agile methodologies, especially in frameworks like Scrum, a Sprint typically lasts from one to four weeks, during which a specific goal or set of features is pursued. This time-boxed approach allows teams to focus on delivering incremental value and enhances collaboration, adaptability, and continuous feedback.

By defining a clear time frame, teams can measure their progress more effectively and adjust their plans based on what they learned during the process. As a result, Sprints foster a rhythm of regular delivery and improvement, ensuring that the team can respond quickly to changes and stakeholder feedback.

While "Iteration" may also refer to a similar concept in other Agile frameworks like Kanban, it does not always contain the same structured time-boxing or goals as seen in a Sprint. "Phase" and "Cycle" have different connotations, often implying broader stages in a project rather than those focused, short-term periods to accomplish defined tasks.